The ability to read and understand or comprehend written instructions is a necessary requirement in most workplaces across all industries. Reading is a skill which involves the process of 'constructing meaning' from written material and requires the integration of several strategies, which can be difficult for some individuals (Scholastic 2007).
Those with a cognitive impairment, such as a specific learning disability or intellectual disability, have particular difficulty reading as they typically experience problems with language and communication in general. Consequently they may need support in this area and/or alternative means of acquiring skills and knowledge (for example learn more effectively by 'seeing and doing'—using a hands on approach or active learning strategies). See 'active learning' for more information.
There are a number of strategies, support services and products available to assist those who experience difficulty understanding written instructions in the workplace.
Workplace solutions and adjustments
On the job strategies and products
- keep any written instructions very brief and straight forward—use simple language, incorporate dots or bullet points where-ever possible, use large print and colour code text
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confirm worker understanding by asking for a demonstration or to repeat back in their own words what was read, as many will say that they understand when in fact they don’t
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provide alternatives to the written word, examples include:
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role play or demonstrate the instructions, including the 'do’s' and 'don’ts (perhaps more than once) and then allow the worker the opportunity to practice for themselves, providing appropriate feedback
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for factory workers include a model of the various stages of the product during production
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include team activities to consolidate understanding
- allow workers access to large white boards and chalk boards for drawing symbols or pictures etc. that enable them to make their own interpretation of written instructions, such that it is more meaningful for them
- establish a buddy programme with a co-worker to provide extra support for workers who experience reading difficulties.
Support
Relevant training courses via a Registered Training Organisation may assist with the development of reading and comprehension skills. Part time study can often be undertaken outside of work hours, or study leave may also be possible. Those with a disability are encouraged to apply for Work Skills Vouchers, which can be used to cover the cost of accredited literacy or numeracy courses.
Computer programs specifically designed to assist in reading and comprehension skill development may be suitable (Access Centre 2007).
Easy English interpreters may be able to assist a person with a specific learning or intellectual disability with understanding written instruction in the workplace by breaking down complex information and explaining it in simple language, without the use of jargon or technical terms.
Specialise employment agencies (which provide coaching, mentoring and support on the job) offer a valuable service to those who experience reading difficulties (for example those with an intellectual disability) in the development of work skills.
References and resources
Access Centre 2007, Computer-Assisted Instruction and Reading, Access Centre, Washington, viewed 11 May 2007, <http://www.k8accesscenter.org/training_resources/computeraided_reading.asp>.
Scholastic 2007,Understanding Reading Comprehension, Scholastic Inc., viewed 20 May 2007, <http://content.scholastic.com/browse/article.jsp?id=4465>.