Pressure cushions are used to both provide comfort and to prevent the development of pressure areas that could lead to pressure sores for people sitting for long periods of time.
Specialised high level pressure cushions are designed to disperse bodyweight and reduce the risk of pressure sores developing. High level pressure cushions are suitable for those at a high risk of developing pressure sores. The risk level of pressure sores is determined using an assessment that takes into consideration the individuals body mass index, continence, skin type, mobility, gender, age and nutritional status.
There are various pressure cushions that can provide high level pressure relief including:
- gel cushions which conform to the users shape and are useful for absorbing vibration
- fluid filled cushions are neither gel nor water, they consist of viscous fluid materials such as silicon elastomer, silicon or polyvinyl and are usually used in conjunction with other materials in a cushion. They require kneading regularly to ensure they maintain their pressure relieving properties
- air cushions contain one or multiple air pockets that are filled with air to lift the individual from the surface. They require checking regularly to ensure the air content is sufficient to provide pressure relief
- air alternating cushions are similar to air cushions but with an air flow that is alternated using a pump to constantly change the pressure throughout the cushion.
Workplace solutions and adjustments
Sitting for long periods within the workplace can be uncomfortable for many people with injury or disability, especially those that are wheelchair dependent. It is therefore important in each job to minimise the risks or the difficulties associated with prolonged sitting.
There are various reasons why an individual may require high level pressure relief within the workplace including:
- altered sensation
- continence difficulties
- high risk of pressure sores
- poor circulation
- poor skin condition
- inability to independently change position within their chair due to physical impairment
- being wheelchair dependent.
The type of pressure cushion required will differ depending on the individual and their needs. High level pressure cushions need to be assessed by a qualified health professional to ensure they meet the individual’s needs appropriately.
There are other pressure relieving products that may also benefit an individual including:
Pressure cushions alone may not prevent pressure areas. Other pressure management techniques should also be employed such as changing positions regularly if possible (independently or assisted) and maintaining a good skin care regime.
Information that may be useful when considering the use of a pressure cushion can be found here:
References:
LifeTec Queensland (no date specified), Pressure Cushions, Mattresses and Protectors, LifeTec Queensland, Brisbane, viewed 23 June 2011, http://www.lifetec.org.au/_uploads/factsheets/PressureCushionMattressesandProtectors_elec.pdf.
LifeTec Queensland (no date specified), Pressure Ulcer Prevention, LifeTec Queensland, Brisbane, viewed 23 June 2011, http://www.lifetec.org.au/_uploads/factsheets/PressureUlcerPrevention_elec.pdf.
Rehab WA (no date specified), Pressure Relief Aids, Rehab WA, Perth, viewed 23 June 2011, http://www.rehabwa.com.au/view-list.php?category=Pressure%20Relief%20Aids.
New South Wales Government Department of Health 2005, Clinical Practices - Pressure Ulcer Prevention, New South Wales Government Department of Health, North Sydney, viewed 23 June 2011, http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/policies/PD/2005/pdf/PD2005_257.pdf.